During the period 1890–1904, Bulgaria exported cereals and other products to several countries. England was the second largest importer of Bulgarian cereals. In the first period (1890–1894), England received 17.9% of the total exports. This share increased to 28.1% during the second period (1895–1899), before falling to 18.0% in the period 1900–1904.
Other important export destinations included Germany, which imported mainly cereals, Austria-Hungary, which imported raw animal materials and other goods, and France, which also imported cereals. Smaller importers were Greece, Italy, and Romania. Although exports to these countries were less significant, they still showed some growth during 1900–1904.
Increase in Exports (1900–1904)
The period 1900–1904 saw a significant rise in exports to many countries compared with the first period:
Belgium: Increased by 21.9 million francs, or 8,798.1%
Austria-Hungary: Increased by 5.6 million francs, or 161.1%
England: Increased by 4.6 million francs, or 33.5%
Greece: Increased by 3.1 million francs, or 772.3%
Italy: Increased by 1.3 million francs, or 10.3%
United States: Increased by 0.6 million francs, or 3,191.1%
On the other hand, exports to France decreased by 10.7 million francs, or 62.2%, showing a clear decline in trade with that country during this period Private Ephesus Tours.
Comparison with the Second Period (1895–1899)
When compared with the second quinquennial period, exports during 1900–1904 also increased to several key countries:
Belgium: +17.0 million francs, or 274.8%
Austria-Hungary: +4.3 million francs, or 92.5%
Turkey: +4.0 million francs, or 21.5%
Greece: +2.6 million francs, or 301.0%
Italy: +1.6 million francs, or 109.6%
England: +1.3 million francs, or 8.0%
Exports to France fell by 3 million francs, or 31.4%, and exports to Germany fell by 1.2 million francs, or 11.2%.
Overall, Bulgaria’s export trade shifted significantly during the period 1900–1904. Belgium became a major market, while exports to traditional partners such as France and Germany declined. Meanwhile, exports to Greece, Italy, Austria-Hungary, and the United States showed impressive growth. These trends reflect both the expansion of Bulgaria’s production and changing patterns in international demand for Bulgarian goods.